Concept, Nature and Process of Human Communication. Forms of Communication. Functions of Communication. Types of Communication: Inter personal, Intra personal, group and mass communication Process of Communication. Source, Message, Channel, receiver, Feedback, Encoder, Decoder. Elements of Communication. Barriers to Communication. Noise in Communication. Language and Communication, Importance of Language. Communication & Socialization. Communication system in Indian context. Mass Communication-the process and characteristics, Mass Society, Emergence of Mass Media. Journalism- Definition, Nature, Scope. History of Journalism- Origin, Evolution as Profession. Journalist- Definition, Duties & Responsibilities. Journalistic Terminology. Current issues & Emerging trends.

Communication Models, Communication Theories, Maas Media(Press) Theories Development of Print Media: Historical View. Indian Press; Post Independence. Origin of Indian News Agencies and their role. Management and ownership Pattern of Press, Development of Radio: Historical view. Development of Radio in India. Public and Private Radio Systems, FM, AM etc. Organizational structure of the Radio Development of Television: Historical view. Development of Television in India. Public and Private T.V. Channels. Organizational structure of the television Industry Cinema: Historical View. Development of Cinema in India. Characteristics of Hindi Cinema. Cinema as a powerful medium of Mass Communication

News: Definition, Meaning and Concept, fairness, clarity, brevity, verification, truthfulness, news slants. Duties and responsibilities of journalist. News structure, Introduction, Types of News. Journalistic interview, News source, News coverage, news conferences, meetings, gatherings etc. News beats, covering court, legislature and parliament. Covering crime, accident, disaster, writing obituary. Reporting: social, rural, art and culture sports, and development, etc. Investigative approach, interpretation approach, in-depth approach in news. Analyzing news from marginalized groups and gender point of view, conflicts and communal riots. News for peace and reconciliation. News for social justice and human rights, News Editing: Copy editor, responsibilities and tools, selection of news for publishing. Headlines- concept and types. Editing different copies, managing online desk, photo-editing. Essentials of page make up, proof reading, photographic coverage of news

Elements of language, language as a skill. Importance of language in Communication Process Language Skills & Media Writing. Essentials of good writing, Vocabulary- importance of right words. Sentences- Types, use, etc. Words & Phrases. Synonyms & antonyms. Media Terminology- words/ terms commonly used in media/ journalism & mass communication, Paragraph- Principles of organizing & developing paragraph. Paragraph- argument, counter- argument, explanation & illustration. Methods of paragraphing, Summary. Writing paragraph on contemporary issues, Translation- Definition, significance, types, translation process- essentials. Writing- Creative writing, journalistic writing, difference between both. Writing- Various forms, essentials of effective writing. Media Writing- Basic features for writing for Print Media, Electronic Media, New Media, writing for P.R, etc.

Recent Trends in Media in India, Emergence of Regional Media, Emergence of Digital Media, Media and Current Social Issues, Coverage of Current Rural Issues in Media, Media and Development Issues, Media and Coverage of Human Rights Issues, Media and Current Political Issues, Coverage of Crime News in Media, Media and Current Investigative News Stories, Media and Current Gender Issues, Media and Current Sports Related News, Media and Life Style Journalism, Page 3 Journalism, Current Issues, Celebrities in News, Places in News, Positive News Stories, Inspiring News- Items

Press Regulation: A Historical Perspective, Censorship and Media: A Historical Perspective, Emergency & Censorship: Indian Experience, Freedom of Speech and Expression in the Constitution of India, Media and Right to Information, Contempt of Court Act 1971, Defamation Law in India, Right to Privacy, Press and Registration of Books Act 1867, Copy Right Act 1957, Consumer Protection Act 1986, Prasar Bharti Act 1996, Media Ethics – Meaning and Concept, Media Ethics – A Historical perspective, Code of ethics for Media Professionals

Environment Studies-Meaning & concept, Role & Relevance of Environment Studies, Impact of Development on Environment, Major Environmental issues: Global Warming, Pollution, etc., Prominent Environmental Movements-World & India, Environmental Protection & the Role of NGOs, Chipko Movement, Narmada Bachao Andolan, Nature & Coverage of Environmental issues/movements in media, Impact of Environmental Movements on Masses, Environment & Media – International Perspective, Green Peace & other International Environmental groups, Environmental crisis- Present state & Future Challenges, Various Government policies regarding environment, Environment related programmes in the media, Reports & features, film & documentaries on Environment, Prominent environment- activists.

Advertising: Meaning and Concept, Historical perspective of advertising in India, Advertising: Nature and Types, Role of Advertising: Social, Cultural, Economic, Objectives of Advertising: General & Specific, Legal and Moral aspects of Advertising, Advertising and Freedom of Expression, Social Advertising, Advertising Media: Print, Radio, TV and Internet, Outdoor Media, Alternative Media & tools, Advertising campaign, planning & managing, Role of Research in Advertising, Copy writing: Different process, copy language, Different types of copy, Creative Brief and writing for different media, Copy testing, Graphic designing, Art and Layout

PR: Meaning, Definition, Concept, History of PR, PR Programmes, Qualities of PR Professional, Duties & Responsibilities of P.R.O., Role and functions of P.R., Image Management, Tools of P.R., P.R. Publics, Digital P.R., Crisis, P.R. Management, Organizational Structure of P.R. Department/Organization, PR, Publicity, Propaganda, Public affairs, Lobbying etc., Theories of PR, Symmetrical & Asymmetrical, Ethics of PR, PR in Public Sector, Private Sector, Multi nationals, Corporate Communication, Sector, Industry, Educational Institutions etc., Corporate Communication meaning and concept, applications, Significance and objectives of Corporate Communication, designing communication plans and understanding publics for Corporate Communication, Tools & skills for Corporate Communication, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Introduction to mass communication research – meaning of research, scientific method – characteristics – steps in research identification and formulation of research problem in communication research. Basic elements of research – concepts – definitions, variables, hypothesis and causation, Hypothesis – type of hypothesis – characteristic of good hypothesis – hypothesis testing – research designs in mass communication research outlines of important designs, approaches: Survey research, content analysis and historical method. Measurement: meaning - levels and types of measurement, Sampling in communications research, types, their applications and limitations Methods of Data collection: Interview, Questionnaire, observation and case study - application and limitations of different methods, Use of statistics in communication research, basic statistical tools: measures of central tendency) mean, mode and median: measure of dispersion (standard deviation, correlation and chi-square). Data processing, analysis, presentation and interpretation of data. Use of graphics in data present ion – Writings a research proposal; writing research report – components and style.